[Erzu]

Тем, кто изучает немецкий язык и достаточно хорошо знает английский язык, эта тема пригодится.

GENDER & PLURAL OF NOUNS (Basics)
GENDER OF NOUNS
The following are mostly guidelines and not strict rules (there may be exceptions). Knowing these guidelines takes a lot of the guesswork out of trying to determine noun genders and should be helpful.
der
1. (male) professions that end with "-er" (der Bäcker, der Lehrer, der Interviewer)
2. words ending in -mus (der Kapitalismus)
3. seasons and months (der Winter, der Sommer, der Herbst, der Frühling [but "das" Frühjahr!]; der Januar)

die
Words ending in...
1. "-in" (die Freundin, die Schülerin)
2. "-ung" (die Beschreibung, die Prüfung, die Leistung)
3. "-heit" and "-keit" (die Schönheit, die Heiterkeit)
4. "-e" [about 90% of the time] (die Tinte, die Kreide, die Liste)
5. "-a" [about 90% of the time] (die Pizza)

das
Words ending in...
1. "-chen" (das Mädchen)
2. "-lein" (das Fräulein)
3. "-um" (das Museum)
4. "-o" [about 90% of the time] (das Kino, das Auto)
5. many words that sound like English [about 90% of the time] (das Theater, das Interview)
6. verbs made into nouns ["verbal nouns"; gerund] (das Schreiben, das Schwimmen, das Fernsehen)

Other (Notable Exceptions)

1. Family members are always what the name implies. All males are "der," all females are "die." (Watch the spelling. Just because "Schwester" ends in "er," it is not masculine...)
2. There are several "der" words that end with "e", for example: der Verwandte, der Beamte, der Reisende
3. Compound nouns take their gender from the gender of the last noun. (das Haus, die Frau ==> die Hausfrau)